X-Message-Number: 13359 From: Date: Sat, 4 Mar 2000 12:00:42 EST Subject: tautologies, history Very quickly: 1. Since it is possible to succeed without trying, it is not a tautology to say, "If you don't try, you are less likely to succeed." 2. Interpreting the sweep of history: There is an old saying that "Figures don't lie, but liars can figure." More gently, "Figures can be assembled in misleading ways." Except in trivial cases, deriving probabilities from recorded data requires great care. In anticipating technologies, which have dominated, positive or negative surprises? I repeat that, obviously, the positive surprises have dominated by an overwhelming margin. We have multitides of answers now, where in earlier ages we didn't even have the questions! The fact that many efforts and enterprises have failed, over the ages, is almost totally irrevelant and misleading. For example, one could point out that many people have hoped and even, in a primitive way, tried for a cure for senescence, but none has yet succeeded, as far as we know. Does this mean the probability of future success should be estimated as close to zero? Of course not. The trick is to pick out the RELEVANT information, which I claim to have done. Robert Ettinger Cryonics Institute Immortalist Society http://www.cryonics.org Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=13359