X-Message-Number: 14178 From: Date: Wed, 26 Jul 2000 16:58:17 EDT Subject: Mumbling mindless mantras My resolve to suspend comments on survival criteria didn't last quite as long as I had hoped. Oh, well. The mantra of "identity of indiscernibles" has fatal problems. In the first place, two or more objects at different locations (in time or space) are in principle easily distinguishable. If there are two otherwise identical rocks, one in front of me and one in front of you, only one of us is in danger of stubbing his toe, and we can easily see who that is. You can, if you wish, choose to CALL two systems the "same" by virtue of having the same internal design, or being mutually fungible in most ways, but that would be an abuse of language. As for "instantly" switching the locations of two otherwise identical systems-even if there were such things-that is not possible according to current understanding of natural law. Feynman once suggested that there is only one electron in the universe. It zig-zags a lot in both space and time, in effect being in many places at once. I don't know how serious he was about that; "time travel" has its own problems. But I'm pretty sure he never made any effort to flesh this out or fit it into a coherent framework. The Bekenstein Bound should also be mentioned here. This applies the uncertainty principle to points in phase space, thus providing an alleged upper limit to the number of quantum states possible in a system the size of a human brain, and therefore an upper limit to the number of distinguishable experiences. To begin with, this sounds extremely strange just on a common-sense basis (not that common sense has much to do with quantum theory). It says that, even if you live an indefinite period, and even if the universe is indefinite in extent, and even if your adventures are objectively boundless, still as long as your brain size is unchanged there is a definite number limiting your possible experiences! (Note: this is not a limit only on memory, or on the number of experiences allowable in a given time, but rather on your possible subjective experiences as viewed by an omniscient outside observer over any time period.) Looking for flaws in the assumptions, we note several things. First, the calculation takes account only of internal coordinates, not of coordinates of the system as a whole. Second, it takes account only of currently recognized coordinates in phase space, and not of other possible parameters that might be revealed by a more advanced science. Third, it even ignores gravitational phenomena, which we KNOW exist. Fourth, it ignores possible effects of quantum entanglement. All in all, it seems to me the BB has only a minor antiquarian interest, and should not be used as a girder in any construction, as in Tipler's case. Finally, it seems likely to me that systems in different locations CANNOT be identical even internally. That would be tantamount to saying that the context does not affect the system! Everything we know-Newton's Third Law in particular-tells us that interactions are always two-way streets. In some sense, the system must "know" where it is and what it is doing, and must therefore be changed by its environment. You cannot reasonably say that the system changes its environment, but the environment does not change the system. Robert Ettinger Cryonics Institute Immortalist Society http://www.cryonics.org Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=14178