X-Message-Number: 15045 From: Date: Tue, 28 Nov 2000 15:02:10 EST Subject: discreteness addendum My brief remarks yesterday on uploading and discreteness in q.m. left out many considerations, so I just want to add a little bit. Experience shows that energy is transferred in quanta or packets, discretely. However, the energy of a photon is hf, where h is Planck's constant and f is the frequency of the radiation. Apparently the continuum of frequencies is allowed; in addition, f is relativistic, dependent on the frame of reference of the observer. So in this sense energy is not always quantized or discrete, but can have any value rather than just a finite (or at least countable) set of allowable values. Also, of course, the ordinary momentum of a particle, mv, appears to allow a continuum of velocities. At the same time, the uncertainty principle does not allow unlimited accuracy of observation, which most physicists interpret to mean the particle does not POSSESS a sharply defined velocity (or position) at any time--before, during, or after an observation. In this sense, then, we apparently do have discreteness. My main point yesterday is not affected. A Turing machine (finite but unlimited sequential digital computer) is classical in its construction and behavior, even though it can calculate quantum mechanics. Since its capabilities are finite, it cannot generate a full set of Many Worlds future histories of any system, let alone an emulated person. It cannot describe, predict, model or imitate ALL of the possibilities latent in the initial wave equation (or equivalent matrix) of the system. It can only, at best, generate successive internal computer states corresponding to successive most-probable quantum states of the emulated system. The successive states of a real system are usually not the most probable ones, and any real system will very quickly diverge from its computer emulation. (Again, this does not speak to the question of whether the emulation has feeling--only to the question of whether the emulation is veridical in the sense of future history.) Robert Ettinger Cryonics Institute Immortalist Society http://www.cryonics.org Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=15045