X-Message-Number: 16080 From: "George Smith" <> References: <> Subject: Human Identity - a mix of hardware and software? Date: Fri, 20 Apr 2001 14:20:18 -0700 John McCrone has written two excellent books summarizing issues regarding the nature of mind and identity. These are THE APE THAT SPOKE and THE MYTH OF IRRATIONALITY (ISBN 0-7867-0067-X). Much of this work stems from the efforts of Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky and those who have followed in his footsteps. In crudest summary, human consciousness including the sense of self arises not as a natural nor inevitable consequence of biological evolution but through the interplay of language and the brain. Examples from which this hypothesis arose include the virtual inability of feral children to learn language as well as an entire body of research conducted first starting in the 1930's in Russia. Readers of Cryonet may recall how not that long ago I had written about Julian Jaynes' hypothesis that human consciousness is only approximtely three thousand years old and that our earlier ancesters were not actually conscious at all (no internal mental "space" nor dialogue for decision making). McCrone's summaries of these obscure but significant Russian research studies point to the critical issue of both consciousness and "self" requiring a particular interplay between brain structure support (providing imagery, recognition, association and perception) and cultural learning via language (inner "voice", recollection, emotional attitudes and consciousness). In essence, McCrone suggests that whereas Western civilization has promoted a split mind model (rational/irrational, left hemisphere/right hemisphere) the evidence actually supports a layered mind model with an "animal" physiological platform lying "beneath" a cultural language-based collection of skills. Only the interplay between the two can result in our particular form of human consciousness and sense of self. The significance to readers of the Cryonet is that, if this hypothesis is correct, uploading the human mind would require also uploading isomorphic "structures" to duplicate the brain's physiology as well as the specific cultural interplays learned in the first five years of life which are apparently required to develop and sustain consciousness as well as a sense of "self". The support for such a view has wide evidence ranging from observations derived from stroke victims and numerous other studies over the years. Put simply, the common perspective on what consitutes consciousness and "self" may very well require copying not only "logic circuits" and "data" but the structural interplay between the two. I suspect these issues can be overcome (after all WE are here right now, yes? The flesh machinery works, yes?) but my concern would be in assuming we know all that is required to do the job and end up leaving out consciousness and the sense of self. Fortunately with relatively "simple" cryonics we bring back hopefully both portions: organic substructure as well as the learned skills. Just my thoughts. George Smith Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=16080