X-Message-Number: 16416 From: Date: Sun, 3 Jun 2001 19:42:56 EDT Subject: Dr. Strehler's Death... Cryonet: Louis Epstein mentioned Dr. Strehler's death yesterday and provided the following link: http://grg.org/charter/BLStrehler.htm. This guy was an amazing man. I will be studying his bibliography summaries more thoroughly in the future. It was smart and good of him to prepare his website--as he says, do not depend on encyclopedias. Louis comments: "A shame he didn't live to see the mortality of mortality confirmed." Clicking on Strehler's picture (.jepg) from that URL to go to his own site, we may get some insight into his thinking for his decision not to be cryopreserved. I have reprinted a pertinent section of Bernie Strehler's writing below which is found titled "Personal Interests" and located after his lengthy and totally impressive "Bibliography" section. (Note that the hyperlink at the top of that page titled "Personal Interest's" may not be functional on the site.) Before that though, I have pulled some other excerpts from the site which are revealing to my argument to follow his text: 1) See the picture (.jepg) at the very bottom of that page titled "My wife Theedy and my lost daughter Carol, 1956" 2) Note the following from elsewhere: "Since my darling wife, Theedy, died of the flu on Feb. 12th 1998, the fifty years we spent together have become happy memories of a very sad survivor. At age 74 there is not much point in finding a new soul and body mate. Que sera, sera!" He last updated the page this last March. Now, here is what he wrote regarding his interests (I have arbitrarily sectioned it into "paragraphs" to make it easier for you to read per Cryonet formatting as it was presented as a single block of text): QUOTE: I have many continuing interests, mostly in exploring new ideas and in inventing things and enjoying music and friends. My greatest pleasure is discovering things and romance. My hero is a man named Jesus who was born 2000 years ago and whom I try, sometimes unsuccessfully, to emulate. I'm grateful that fate permitted me to be here for a while but I'm not sure I would want to be cloned 30 or so years from now -- because I believe we are on a collision course with disaster because of population growth, terrorism and decreasing average human intelligence as a result of the selective reproduction of the less intelligent. I hope I'm wrong!!!! NOTE: The cloning of humans will eventually become possible and could have great benefits to our species if properly used. One of the difficulties with cloning is that one must select nuclei that have not been severely damaged genetically. Every body cell has about 50,000 potential genetic damage. This damage is usually a break in one of the DNA strands. When such a break occurs, a very complex set of repair reactions begin. These include the attachment of a substance to the location where the break occurred, the removal of adjacent DNA in the broken strands and then the resynthesis of the replacement on the basis of the information present in the unbroken strand. Finally, the newly synthesized strand is attached to the rest of the strand so as to complete the repair. This repair is a very efficient process and in 99.9999..% of the time restores the DNA to its original state. However, some strand breaks lead to faulty repair, especially in regions of the DNA in which there are a considerable number of identical repeats of the same sequence. One of the most important of these repeating sequences are those that are responsible for the manufacture of ribosomal RNA, the structure on which all protein syntheses in the call take place. The repeated segments are present on 6 or 7 pairs of chromosomes and young cells have 10-12 copies of these repeating segments (2 for each pair of identical chromosomes). In most tissues there is a loss of some of these segments during aging. The locations of these segments can be visualized on chromosomes that are about to divide and can be stained with a silver stain, probably because the material at both ends of the repeating sequences have a substance that is able to reduce silver ions to silver atoms (as happens in photography). These staining sections are called Nucleolar Organizing Regions because they bundle themselves together so as to form a small body inside of the nucleus. This body is called a nucleolus and the staining areas are called "NORs" -- for nucleolar organizing regions! The number of NORs as well as the amount of rDNA has been shown (by Strehler and coworkers) to decrease gradually in non-dividing tissues such the nerve cells of the brain. So, if one wants to produce a non-defective clone one must first choose cells from growing cultures that have the normal number of NORs. A second difficulty in producing an identical copy of an individual (like a delayed twin!) is that one must use an enucleated egg cell as the recipient of the nucleus to be cloned as a new copy. But, because the cytoplasm of eggs have specific materials in them (such as mitochondria and a variety of RNA molecules whose functions are poorly understood but important, it is most DESIRABLE that the eggs used come from female descendants of YOUR MOTHER, because only the daughters of daughters of daughters... of your mother will have the same cytoplasm as your mother did. It is also probably very important that the eggs that are used as recipients of a HEALTHY nucleus derived from you also be very healthy ones. This means that they should be derived from the donor relative when that individual is just barely reproductively mature. This is important because the eggs that are produced early in life are more vigorous than those produced just before menopause. When all these technicalities have been worked out it will probably be possible to produce good copies of you, but much research needs to be done before I would be willing to be cloned. Fortunately, human cells can be kept in culture and stored at the temperature of liquid nitrogen -- at which temperature practically no damage can occur to the nuclei -- except from radioactive radiation, UV light, cosmic rays and X-rays. Good luck. Although past generations believed that the world was deteriorating they were often right but occasionally WRONG. We'll see. Too bad that some of Sinatra's cells were not stored. The world can get along without another Bernie Strehler! UNQUOTE (I note that Dr. Strehler appears to provide an additional supporting argument for George Smith's recommendation for having one's intact DNA cryopreserved early on.) There can be little doubt that Dr. Strehler was well versed on cryonics. While he does not directly address the issue, I detect no skepticism regarding the logic of cryonics. Once his wife died, and with the previous death of his child, the decision for him to remain unsigned up was a given, and had long since been made. He likely calculated his best chance for a reunion with them and most of his friends (both currently living and deceased) was by his faith in Christianity. I have given a good bit of thought about the likely psychology and sociology forming the rationale for rational people to pass on cryopreservation. I may write these thoughts up someday. However, the Dr. Strehler has probably provided part of the equation for us. Regards, David C. Johnson Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=16416