X-Message-Number: 17849
Date: Mon, 5 Nov 2001 08:56:47 -0800 (PST)
From: Doug Skrecky <>
Subject: neuroprotective effect of fructose 1,6-diphosphate/DMSO

Still looks interesting...

---------- Forwarded message ----------
Treatment of head injury in mice, using a fructose 1,6-diphosphate and 
dimethyl sulfoxide combination.
Neurosurgery 37(2): 273-9 Aug 1995


Mice were subjected to moderate (800 g/cm force) or severe (900 g/cm force) head
injury and treated 5 minutes later with various compounds. treatments consisted
of intravenous administration of the following compounds: 1) fructose
1,6-diphosphate (FDP), 2)dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 3)FDP+DMSO, and 4)vehicle
nontreated. Sensory-motor evaluations 1 and 2 hours after 800 g/cm-force head
injury  showed that significant protection of motor function (grip test) was

achieved with FDP + DMSO but not with treatment by either drug alone. Evaluation
of mice following a severe 900-g/cm force injury demonstrated significant
survival after treatment with FDP + DMSO but not with the vehicle or treatment
by either of these agents alone. Histopathological  morphometry indicated that
cortical and hippocampal CA1 neurons were markedly protected from damage when
mice were treated with combined FDP + DMSO. More modest protection of CA1 but
not cortical neurons was observed after treatment with DMSO alone but not after
treatment with FDP alone or administration of the vehicle. These findings
indicate that combining FDP with DMSO results in considerable synergy in
protecting animals from sensory-motor loss and neuronal brain damage and in
ultimate survival stemming from a moderate or severe closed head injury.

Additional comment by poster:

    Fructose 1,6-diphosphate is unique among sugars, and their derivatives, in
being able to penetrate cell membranes. It has been used as an additive in

transplantation solutions, to prevent ATP loss. The present result suggests that
FDP might make a fine addition to cryoprotective vitrification solutions. To my
knowledge, there are no published results on the effect of FDP on
cryopreservation.
    I presume the synergism between DMSO and FDP is due to the enhancing
effect of DMSO on FDP  absorption.

Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=17849