X-Message-Number: 18173 Date: Mon, 17 Dec 2001 17:23:56 -0800 From: Dave Shipman <> Subject: Re: New questions/pigs and Cayce Friends, I was hoping someone better qualified than me might answer Carole's questions (#18162), but since no one responded in the last blast, I'll give it a shot. Q: It seems, to me, that many laboratory test could be performed on a pig (as opposed to a monkey)that would, in turn, help to answer many questions relating to the human body and its ability to reanimate. ... A: I think these kinds of studies are very important and can teach us a lot. I've heard Mike Darwin say that sheep may be a better animal to use since their brains are more similar to human brains than are those of other animals. In any case, we can learn a lot from doing the kind of experiments you are discussing to determine how well our current procedures are working and how they can be improved. The cryonics organizations have pursued and are continuing investigations along these lines. The main problem of course is money. Setting up a lab, hiring qualified people, purchasing or renting expensive analysis equipment (such as electron microscopes), getting proper approvals for animal experimentation, etc., is all very costly. As a consequence, not nearly as much of this kind of work is being done as most of us would like. Q: Not knowing whether or not pigs have a "personality," or soul, per se, or if, in fact, they have any iota of thoughtful sensibilities whatsoever, ... A: Well anybody who is close to pigs or other farm animals, or anyone with a pet, will tell you that animals have personalities, and even thoughts and consciousness. This also seems to be the dominant view of the scientific community these days. Q: But since the human brain responds to its own neurotransmitters, is it reasonable to assume that the pig's does also, and could not nanotechnology somehow, eventually, capture some of the impulses before or when they jump the synaptic cleft? And, if captured, could they not then lead to some comprehension of how the memory bank collects its data--thereby allowing science to store it for continued use at a later date? A: There is a whole legion of neuroscientists pursuing exactly the questions of how the brain stores memories and performs its other functions. The tools now available allow them to "see" activity in the brain when different tasks are being performed. These imaging systems will only get better and better. Eventually, with nanotechnology or some other means, we will be able to observe the level of neurons and synapses. You are right, at that point we will be able to capture the contents of individual brains -- memories, skills, personality, the works. It may be possible then to somehow transfer these contents into another substrate, either biological or artificial. People who advocate this process call it "uploading". But not everyone believes this will be possible or desirable. In any case, most of us imagine that when brain function is restored after cryonic suspension it will involve repairing and restarting your current brain. So this really isn't an issue directly related to cryonics. But many cryonicists do think about these sorts of possibilities as being an exciting part of the future world we hope to be a part of. Q: Regarding the "memory" or "soul" of the suspended patient, it seems to me that Edgar Cayce's theory of "reincarnation" might play a vital role ... A: Some cryonicists do believe in the soul and reincarnation. I myself do not because the scientific evidence for reincarnation seems very weak and it appears that every aspect of what might be called the soul can be explained in strictly neurological terms. But, it really doesn't matter for cryonics whether there actually is a soul or what happens to it after you die. The reason is that when you are in cryonic suspension, YOU ARE NOT DEAD! Of course, you will have been declared legally dead and the doctors will have given up on trying to save you. But your biological structures, including your neurological structures, are still intact. And the assumption is that you will be restored to health in some future time after medical science has advanced to the point that it is capable of repairing whatever damage has taken place. Maybe the best way to think of it is that cryonic suspension is like being in a coma. People have been revived after as long as twenty years in a coma. Where was their soul during that time? I don't know what people would say, maybe it stayed with the body, but it doesn't seem like there was any possibility of its being reincarnated during that period. People have even been without heartbeat or breathing for long periods of time and still recovered. There was recently a newspaper story of a Scandinavian teenager who fell into freezing water and was trapped beneath the ice. By the time she was pulled out, she had had no breathing or heartbeat for six hours [At least that's how long I remember, does anyone on cryonet have a good reference for this story?]. She was warmed up, recovered fully, and now leads a completely normal life. Where was her soul during the period she was "clinically dead"? Well, of course, the answer is that she was never *really* dead, it was just that her breathing and heart had stopped. The same is true for cryonic suspension. You are not *really* dead at all, and if all goes well, you will wake up in due time in a truly fascinating and wonderful future. -- Dave Shipman Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=18173