X-Message-Number: 1954 Newsgroups: sci.cryonics From: (Ralph Merkle) Subject: Re: Radiation Message-ID: <> References: <> Date: 12 Mar 93 19:12:27 GMT (Gregory Bloom) writes: >Is there likely to be much accumulated molecular damage from radiation? >I living tissue, enzymes continuously repair thimine dimers which can >be formed by gamma radation. Is the accumulated damage from a couple >centuries of cosmic-ray exposure likely to be a significant problem? >If so, do the cryonics organizations take any precautions such as >moving their patients underground for better shielding? >Gregory Bloom > Background radiation is approximately 0.1 rads per year. A lethal dose of radiation is about 600 rads. Therefore, someone held in cryonic suspension and exposed to normal background radiation levels will accumulate a lethal dose in about 6000 years. Most damage is "latent" until the cell divides ("cycles" or "renews"). Therefore, cells that do not divide are more resistant to damage. The central nervous system is more resistant to radiation damage than other tissues. "There are no rapid renewal systems in the CNS, but the glial cells and the endothelial cells cycle slowly and can show injury. The neurons are not injured except secondarily or by doses of 50 Gy [5,000 rads] or more. Very large exposures of 15 to 50 Gy [1,500 to 5,000 rads] can produce acute functional changes and, at the highest doses, immediate death. After 15 Gy [1,500 rads], changes begin in four to five months and develop further over one to two years." If we assume that survival of the central nervous system is the important consideration in cryonic suspension, and further assume that any dose of radiation which is not immediately lethal can be repaired by future technology, then a person in cryonic suspension would accumulate a lethal dose in 50,000 years. Even this estimate is conservative. The repair capabilities of future technology are likely to allow repair even after an "instantly lethal" dose of radiation by current standards has been received. In other words, radiation just ISN'T a problem. Reference: Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 17th edition, James B. Wyngaarden, Lloyd H. Smith, Saunders 1985, pages 2298-2297. 1 Gy (gray) equals 100 rads. 1 rad, or Radiation Absorbed Dose, corresponds to 100 ergs per gram of absorbed radiation. 1 rem is roughly equivalent to 1 rad (I won't bore you with the precise definition of a rem). Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=1954