X-Message-Number: 20675 From: Date: Sat, 21 Dec 2002 09:21:19 EST Subject: thermopiles --part1_bb.2b5992bc.2b35d2df_boundary Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit In some important ways, the best long range solution to the energy problem is to use thermopiles--stacks of thermocouples, so to speak, operating in reverse (Peltier effect, opposite of the Thomson effect), using temperature differences to produce electrical energy. More than 40 years ago I envisioned using thermopiles for cryonics organizations to generate their own energy and thus a higher degree of independence. The beauty of it is that there are no moving parts, very low maintenance, no pollution, and the "raw material" is everywhere, although not everywhere equally. For example, everywhere on earth there is (either always or periodically) a temperature differential at different depths, or between the surface and subsurface. (If the warm end is at the earth's surface, sunshine will contribute to it.) The problem, of course, is capital cost, but I have the impression that progress is being made in using semiconductors instead of traditional bimetal junctures, yielding a larger voltage for a given temperature difference. In fact--although I don't have the reference handy--I think that commercial firms may be near marketing a thermopile refrigerator (which would be the reverse of a thermopile generator). Robert Ettinger Cryonics Institute Immortalist Society www.cryonics.org --part1_bb.2b5992bc.2b35d2df_boundary Content-Type: text/html; charset="US-ASCII" [ AUTOMATICALLY SKIPPING HTML ENCODING! ] Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=20675