X-Message-Number: 21520 From: Date: Mon, 31 Mar 2003 20:57:56 EST Subject: sources --part1_41.2cfad86a.2bba4c24_boundary Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Early this year I wrote (erroneously) that rabbit kidney vitrification researchers had advanced to the point of 50% viability on autoreimplant after vitrification and rewarming--very encouraging, although not yet good enough for transplant work. Platt complained, characterizing this as pejorative! A couple of days ago, to clear things up a bit for some who had inquired, I wrote in part: >> this was not the case, and in fact (as of early this year), as I was told, > >there have been no successes in vitrifying rabbit kidneys. >> What they have done is load and unload kidneys with a "vitrifiable >> concentration" of perfusate, with 100% survival. In other words, zero >> toxicity--but not vitrification, and not at temperatures even as low as that >> of dry ice. Now Platt writes: >From whom did you learn this? On what date? This kind of statement is not >very persuasive if you don't name a source. Moreover, since you are making >statements that tend to denigrate the work of the scientists involved, it >would be advisable to verify the statements before posting them. Again, he says I am "denigrating" the work of the researchers and implies my statements are suspect, and demands the source. Strange! As one of the head honchos of Alcor (the number two man now, apparently), with presumably close ties to the researchers, he ought to KNOW what the facts are. In any case, I have authoritative letters on file, and while confidentiality was not stipulated, it is obvious that public copying was not desired in the context of a Cryonet squabble. Aside from that, the information is NOT private or confidential, but was publicly disclosed at an Alcor meeting last fall, although it missed my notice at the time and apparently Platt's too. Once more, for the benefit of relative newcomers, there are distinctions to be kept in mind which are not especially difficult, yet easy to blur for those in search of quick and simple answers: Vitrification is not hard to achieve, with many different kinds of solutions, if that is all you want, and it has been done many times with various biological specimens. The problem is to achieve viability after rewarming, and there are several serious obstacles, not yet overcome, which I won't repeat here. Alcor's current neuro procedure is one which they believe, on the basis of indirect evidence, probably usually results in vitrification of most of the brain, and may result in much reduced ice damage. Nothing wrong there--they are making a good faith judgment. But what is not made clear to most readers is that the results of applying the current Alcor neuro procedure to a whole animal brain, and rewarming after vitrification, have never been evaluated. Even the relatively tiny and simple rabbit kidney, after many years of effort, has not yet met success. Do we claim CI's procedure is better? No, because we don't know. But we do publish the results of our procedures, with independent evaluations as well as our own. We have also published results of Dr. Pichugin's work several years ago with rabbit brain pieces, frozen with glycerol and then rewarmed, showing coordinated electrical activity in networks of neurons. Is this as important as reduction of ice? Maybe it's more important, since the electrical activity of networks of neurons may be the most important activity of the brain. (Yes, this is an over-simplification too, since "electrical activity" covers too much territory.) What we know for sure is that nobody yet has reached the brass ring, and the work goes on. (CI is the only cryonics organization with a professional research program.) It isn't even very important who gets there first, except for momentary satisfaction. But it would be honest and helpful to refrain from implying exaggerated claims. What we also know for sure is that those who procrastinate too much, like the ass between the haystacks, is likely to lose everything. Robert Ettinger Cryonics Institute Immortalist Society www.cryonics.org --part1_41.2cfad86a.2bba4c24_boundary Content-Type: text/html; charset="US-ASCII" [ AUTOMATICALLY SKIPPING HTML ENCODING! ] Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=21520