X-Message-Number: 21718 From: Date: Tue, 6 May 2003 20:29:30 EDT Subject: A little more about Godel --part1_7a.3f22ff30.2be9ad6a_boundary Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Although probably few on this list are interested, the Godel mob and the anti-cryonics mob have some things in common. Here I'll just reiterate in extreme brevity the deflation of Godel and add something I think I omitted previously. Here's what's wrong--grotesquely wrong--with the famous incompleteness theorem(s), or rather with their interpretation. Although there are moderately interesting questions about the limitations of formal systems of the type he studied, no one--not Godel, not anyone, as far as I know--has ever claimed that there exists a single clear-cut proposition of (say) arithmetic, or anything else coherent or meaningful, that is unverifiable and unfalsifiable in principle. In the formal system, a statement equivalent to "This statement is unprovable" is indeed unprovable, so it follows that such statements are true (in our heads, in the metasystem) although unprovable (in the formal system). This has been misconstrued as showing that there will always be truths about the real world that mind can never fathom, among other wild pseudo-metaphors. But this particular limitation of a class of formal systems is only one of several limitations, and it says nothing about the real world--or even about all formal systems--and it certainly says nothing about any limitations of mind. Almost all scholars, as far as I recall, somehow fall into the trap of assuming that a formal system of sufficient power must be similar in most respects to those we know, typified perhaps by the Principia Mathematica of Whitehead and Russell. But the fact is that there is a huge universe of possible formal systems, with different rules and limitations, and it is entirely possible--I consider it nearly certain--that some of them will prove better than the ones in use, because they will be constructed with the intent of avoiding language traps. (I think it is fair to say that all "philosophical" problems are language problems, or problems of the linguistic aspects of science.) Incidentally, some think that, because the unsolvability of the Halting Problem in computers parallels the unprovability of Godelian sentences, and because we use computers (embodying formal systems) to make inferences about the world, it follows that our potential knowledge of the world is likewise limited. But it does not follow. There is never one-to-one correspondence between a formal system, or a computer system, and the physical world. If you want a kindergarten example of a misleading alleged limitation, consider arithmetic using decimal notation. You can't even write the number 1/3 in a finite number of decimal places! But the human mind can understand the number 1/3, and a computer using (say) the duodecimal system can also handle it exactly. If it were worth the bother, we could also use programs that switch from one base to another when convenient. Robert Ettinger --part1_7a.3f22ff30.2be9ad6a_boundary Content-Type: text/html; charset="US-ASCII" [ AUTOMATICALLY SKIPPING HTML ENCODING! ] Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=21718