X-Message-Number: 22690 From: "Clement, James" <> Subject: President's Council on Bioethics - More Anti-Longevity Rhetoric Date: Fri, 17 Oct 2003 07:40:58 -0400 October 17, 2003 Bush's Advisers on Biotechnology Express Concern on Its Use By NICHOLAS WADE Laying a broad basis for possible future prescriptions, the President's Council on Bioethics yesterday issued an analysis of how biotechnology could lead toward unintended and destructive ends. Called "Beyond Therapy: Biotechnology and the Pursuit of Happiness," the council's report concerns present and future interventions intended not to restore health but rather to alter genetic inheritance, to enhance mind or body, or to extend life span beyond its natural limits. These range from selecting the sex of children, to drugs that change the mind or improve athletic performance, to the various research projects that seek to tap the body's presumed capacity for extreme longevity. While the report is not attributed to a single author, it is written in a graceful style quite distinct from standard government prose and very similar to that of Dr. Leon R. Kass, the council's chairman. Dr. Kass said in an interview that the purpose of the report was educational but that the council, created by President Bush two years ago as an advisory body on bioethical issues, would use it as a springboard for future recommendations. The report's overall thrust is that people's desire to improve themselves or to give their children an edge carries the risk of putting strain on human nature in many unintended ways. The council expresses concern at "the attractive science-based power to remake ourselves after images of our own devising." It asks if the purpose of medicine is "to make us perfect, or to make us whole?" It concludes that "the human body and mind, highly complex and delicately balanced as a result of eons of gradual and exacting evolution, are almost certainly at risk from any ill-considered attempt at `improvement.' " One attempt, where individuals' interest may clearly differ from society's, is that of choosing the sex of one's children - to balance the sexes within a family in some cultures, to obtain a son in others. The report notes that a sex ratio of more than 106 boys to 100 girls can be regarded as evidence of sex selection - usually achieved by sonogram and abortion, though sperm-sorting methods developed from animal husbandry are also available. In Cuba the sex ratio is now 118, in China 117, in Egypt 108.7 and in Venezuela 107.5. There have also been significant changes in the ratio among two American ethnic groups: over the last 20 years, the sex ratio for Chinese-Americans has risen to 107.7 from 104.6, and for Japanese-Americans to 106.4 from 102.6. Previous ethics commissions, the council notes, have had little to say in favor of sex selection yet have insisted that it should not be made illegal. The council is not so sure. "Having one's sex foreordained by another is different from having it determined by the lottery of sexual union," the report observes. The council is also concerned about prescribing mood-changing drugs to children. Though some children need medication to help concentrate, others take drugs to improve performance. This is not the best way to learn self-control, in the council's view. "By medicalizing key elements of our life through biotechnical interventions," the report says, "we may weaken our sense of responsibility and agency." Turning to aging, the council notes that many aspects of life are tuned to the orderly cycle of birth, marriage and death, and says that to disrupt this cycle by indefinitely postponing death could change life's meaning in unacceptable ways. "The pursuit of an ageless body may prove finally to be a distraction and a deformation," the report says. The prospect of death makes each generation eager to pass on its wisdom and goods to the next; but with immortal life, this incentive would fray. Further, who would not hesitate a little at saying "until death do us part" if life expectancy at the time of marriage were a full century, the council asks. And while three-generation families may be a blessing, having five generations around at the same time could be just too much. The council's report draws attention to the power of commercial enterprises to shape people's desires, driving them to consumption of Ritalin, Botox, Rogaine, Viagra and Prozac. It notes that scientists, another interest group, "are especially inclined to resist legal limitations that might be imposed on their activities based on ethical considerations" - presumably a reference to the continuing debate over the appropriate use of human embryonic stem cells. The council's message is that neither commerce nor science, despite their utility, should be allowed to dictate a reshaping of human nature. The 310-page report is online at the council's Web site, bioethics.gov. A.G. Edwards & Sons' outgoing and incoming e-mails are electronically archived and subject to review and/or disclosure to someone other than the recipient. We cannot accept orders for transactions or other similar instructions through e-mail. We cannot ensure the security of information e-mailed over the Internet, so you should be careful when transmitting confidential information such as account numbers and security holdings. Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=22690