X-Message-Number: 25070 Date: Wed, 17 Nov 2004 07:08:06 -0800 Subject: Response to Thomas From: <> Dear Thomas: You wrote: "You suggest (?) that the physical part of our brains which experiences qualia constitutes (?) our soul. This of course makes an important assumption, that there is a PART of our brains which experiences qualia." We can clearly lose parts of our brains and yet experience qualia. The scope of those qualia may be reduced, as in your example, but that doesn't chance the fact that experience remains. Further, regions of our brain connected with long-term memory (for example) don't seem to be essential to the experience of qualia. For these reasons, it makes sense to describe the soul as being only part of the brain. [snip] You wrote: "Again, what happens to a person who loses that part of their brain, by accident or mistaken surgery or (for that matter) the destruction caused by a brain tumor? Does he/she continue living as before? If some part of our brains experiences qualia, then we must consider the possibility that that part might sometimes become damaged, or that some people might be born without it (a birth deformity)." You can damage the neural circuit comprising the qualia experiencer, but personal survival is assured as long as the circuit retains the ability to experience qualia. For any case of brain injury in which the person survives (possibly excepting brain death), this will be true. I don't consider it possible to be born without a qualia experiencer (except perhaps people born without a brain---I'd have to know more about the medical phenomenon). In order to experience no qualia, the person would have to be unable to see, to hear, to touch, to taste, to smell, to think, to feel emotion, to have a state of mind, to experience any subjectivity at all. A person who can't do any of this won't even behave like a 'person', but more like a rock. You wrote: "Again, you raise some very subtle questions about what is and what is not 'the same' experience of qualia." It is important to distinguish an experience from the experiencer. Two different experiencers of qualia (say, you and I) may have the same experience (say, of the color red). This doesn't mean they have the same qualia experiencer. You wrote: "As others have suggested, what happens if we make a copy of you (forgetting entirely the tremendous practical difficulties of doing so)? In what way does this copy not have the same experience of qualia." The duplicate will surely have its own subjective inner-life, its own experience of qualia. And if subjected to a given set of circumstances, the duplicate will experience the same thing that the original would experience, if also subjected to those same circumstances. However, this does not change the fact that the duplicate and the original have separate qualia experiencers. When you destroy the qualia experiencer of the one, then it is forever gone; its qualia experiencer does not magically hop bodies to its clone, because the qualia experiencer is a physical thing (it can do no hopping, and it can indeed be destroyed). [snip] You wrote: "When the copy wakes up, why is this copy not the same as you." Precisely because the duplicate has a different qualia experiencer! This qualia experiencer may be atomically indistinguishable from mine, but it is still, nonetheless, a different qualia experiencer. A duplicate is not the same thing as whatever it was patterned from. You wrote: "(If we constantly change the atoms and molecules making us up, then in what way does this differ from the operation I've just discussed above? " Because changing a thing is not the same as duplicating it. You can change my qualia experiencer, and my personal survival is assured as long as you don't change it in such a way that it ceases to be a qualia experiencer. If you were to change my brain in such a way that I no longer had a qualia experiencer, then my soul would have been destroyed, and mucking with the atoms in my head to build a new qualia experiencer would not help me at all. (As an aside, I do think it is possible to gradually replace the brain with artificial constructs, and I don't think this would result in destruction of the subjective inner-life of the individual, at least, not if done properly.) You wrote: "Because of these questions I remain unclear about just what your definition of a 'soul' may be." Hopefully I have clarified things. Thanks for participating. You wrote: "I will add some things here in your support, at least broadly. You say that this center for qualia is a CPU." I mean to say, our brain is like a CPU, in that its composed of physical stuff which operates as a system. I don't mean, of course, that our brain is functionally equivalent to a CPU (or visa versa). A CPU of sufficient complexity can be expected to have its own qualia experiencer. Running software on the CPU doesn't change its qualia experiencer. This is one reason why uploading is doomed to fail. You wrote: "A program is just a set of directions for changes in a physical computer, while we don't work that way at all." Agreed. Best Regards, Richard B. R. Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=25070