X-Message-Number: 25259 From: Date: Fri, 10 Dec 2004 11:08:02 EST Subject: changing values RBR writes in part: >All value systems are arbitrary; as >long as one isn't any more likely to get you killed than another,. >you have no reason to change. >So not only do I want to be me, I want to be me for all time. Any >enhancements I might make to myself would be done very cautiously, >and I would do them only if they were consistent with how I am. Very few have paid attention to the basics of built-in values and the possibilities for change. Most scholars, in fact, agree that "values are arbitrary"--in a somewhat different sense than RBR. RBR (I believe) means that we happen to have evolved our particular built-in values, whereas most scholars deny that there are any built-in values of objective validity, and they also confuse ethics with personal values. Convention says, "You can't get an 'ought' from an 'is'"--meaning there is no objective way to determine what is right or wrong for you. But of course convention is wrong. The bedrock of "right" is (in abbreviation) hedonism, hard-wired in our biology--but not in any simple-minded sense. Classical hedonism failed because it was too primitive, short-sighted, and lacked the modern technical tools and biological insights (most of which are still lacking). The basic insight--shared by some philosophers throughout the ages, including Aristotle in some of his work--is simply that we want what feels good, and want to avoid what feels bad. The problem is that some wants may seem to be in conflict with others or may be ultimately counterproductive or self-destructive. ("Altruism" and zealotry often feel good, but can hurt or kill you.) The solution is a combination of biology, logic, and engineering, including possible deliberate changes in our own biology. Of course RBR is right about the need for caution in change, but I think incorrect about "no reason" to seek change. Surely we can be and do better--enjoy more and suffer less. The ultimate in this area, perhaps, is work by a young Brit, David Pearce. (See hedweb.com) He has written THE HEDONISTIC IMPERATIVE, the boldest step yet in this area. He proposes nothing less than the complete elimination of pain or suffering, for all of humanity and even all of life on earth, plus enhancement of pleasures. He might even be right about the possibility. My own book (YOUNIVERSE, nearing completion) is less radical but more practical. I have some fun, but I don't dwell much on the distant future or remote technologies, but mainly on what we can do right now to improve our lives and our chances. Robert Ettinger Content-Type: text/html; charset="US-ASCII" [ AUTOMATICALLY SKIPPING HTML ENCODING! ] Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=25259