X-Message-Number: 25288 From: Date: Sun, 12 Dec 2004 09:28:53 EST Subject: Is pain necessary? Confuting David Pearce's HEDONISTIC IMPERATIVE, RBR claims (with many others) that some suffering is necessary for motivation and contrast. No. Happiness does not depend on overcoming discontent. There are countless examples. Simple examples might be a lamb or a puppy gamboling, or children scampering, or for that matter adults strolling in a meadow, or an artisan building something. Their enjoyment does not require the memory of distress. The absence of pain does not imply stagnation. Pleasure can have differences of kind and differences of degree, providing ample motivation. You may enjoy food more when you are hungry, but ordinary periodic hunger isn't particularly unpleasant, and you can also enjoy special foods even when you are not hungry, which leads to obesity. We can even fight or struggle without the incentive or feeling of pain or distress. Sometimes the struggle itself is enjoyable. And those rare people born without the ability to feel pain can still learn to avoid injury and protect themselves. Finally, it is a simple, empirical observation that some people are temperamentally happier or more cheerful than others, even though their circumstances are very similar. I think this comes close to proving the thesis, that we don't need pain. Robert Ettinger Content-Type: text/html; charset="US-ASCII" [ AUTOMATICALLY SKIPPING HTML ENCODING! ] Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=25288