X-Message-Number: 29237 Date: Sun, 04 Mar 2007 15:13:06 -0500 From: Keith Henson <> Subject: Unrecognized problem with nuclear power reactors It is widely thought that the North Korean bomb test was much smaller than intended. If they used plutonium reprocessed from a reactor that might be the reason. U 238 absorbs a neutron and becomes plutonium 239 in reactors. But the Pu 239 *also* absorbs a neutron becoming Pu 240. That turns out to be a major problem for making plutonium bombs because Pu 240 has a high rate of spontaneous fission. I.e., it releases neutrons to start a chain reaction. For making bombs (this is all in a Clancy novel) you have to compress the plutonium and then set it off with a shot of neutrons. This becomes hard to do when there is a lot of Pu 240 spitting out neutrons. Bomb grade plutonium is upwards of 90% Pu 239. You can raise the percentage by shortening the exposure to neutrons but you also reduce the amount being made. There might be a way to have your cake and eat it too. The idea is to use U 238 in solution, expose it briefly to neutrons by pumping it through a reactor and sort the plutonium out of the solution before it has picked up a second neutron. What this means is that any power reactor with a bit of added plumbing and a few tanks can be used to make exceptionally good bomb grade plutonium. This is a bummer since large numbers of power reactors are one of the few ways to cope with global warming and peak oil problems. Keith Henson Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=29237