X-Message-Number: 30114 Date: Fri, 07 Dec 2007 23:19:08 -0500 From: Subject: Cryoprotectant toxicity I applaud Douglas Skrecky for his attention to the problem of cryoprotectant toxicity, although his analysis leaves much to be desired: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/dsp.cgi?msg=30106 Referring to osmotic damage as cryoprotectant toxicity is a gross category error. His analysis of his other two types of toxicity also misses the point in my opinion. I doubt that metabolism of ethylene glycol to oxalic acid ("calcium oxalate") is relevant to the problems of cryogenic vitrification. Despite many other criticisms I could make, some of the issues he raises are worthy of attention. Experimentation and speculation to date has not provided a very clear idea of the mechanisms of cryoprotectant toxicity and how to prevent it. If there should be a Manhatten Project in cryonics it should be devoted to the problem of cryoprotectant toxicity. Resources allocated to nanotechnology, whole body vitrification, intermediate temperature storage, etc. may be of some value, but they can also be a distraction. I would rather concentrate on the root problem. I would rather see intellectual and financial resources devoted to the central issue of cryopreservation by vitrification. Maximizing vitrification while minimizing toxicity is the very best means of advancing cryonics and our survival. Understanding cryoprotectant toxicity can be the key to preserving brains and bodies. Vitrification mixtures that are non-toxic enough to preserve human organs at cryogenic temperatures without loss of viability would attract vast amounts of research investment which would further advance the science. Non-toxic vitrification mixtures could make true suspended animation (reversible whole body vitrification) possible. Conventional medicine in hospitals, clinics and universities would understand the lifesaving reality of our goals of reducing ischemic damage by hypothemia, CPS and other means. Cryoprotectant toxicity is the key to it all. A couple of sections of pages on my website are very focused on the question of cryoprotectant toxicity: http://www.benbest.com/cryonics/vitrify.html#nonglycerol http://www.benbest.com/cryonics/viable.html#toxicity I have been updating these sections recently and expect to be making more updates in the near future. Watch these links if cryoprotectant toxicity is of interest to you. -- Ben Best Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=30114