X-Message-Number: 32114 From: David Stodolsky <> Subject: Re: CryoNet #32103 Date: Fri, 30 Oct 2009 10:25:11 +0100 References: <> On 28 Oct 2009, at 10:00 AM, CryoNet wrote: > In YOUNIVERSE I have demonstrated, at least to my own satisfaction, > that self interest (properly understood) is not only the only > conscious > motivation of everyone, but the only possible motivation, no > exceptions. Self-sacrifice is observable in most organisms, at least from worms to humans, evolutionarily speaking. There is good evidence for multi- level evolution, which means there is also a group "survival instinct". This is characterized as hardiness, a psychological variable (see Maddi, et al.): "Hardiness fits into the existential frame of reference. The attitude of commitment leads you to want to be inextricably involved with the people and events in your world. The control attitude leads you to the conviction that you deeply influence what is going on in your life. And the challenge attitude encourages you to keep learning from the resulting experiences, so that you can find meaning and wisdom. In all this, hardiness assumes that humans have both social and psychological needs (Maddi, 2002b). The social need leads you to want continuing contact, communication, and solidarity with the others around you. And the psychological need, based on the continual information requirements of the big brain humans that have evolved, leads you to search continually for the stimulation provided by new experience. Put the two needs together, and that is the human basis for the value of deepening social relationships in the direction of intimacy and caring, rather than mere contractuality." http://www.psychologymatters.org/hardiness.html http://jhp.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/44/3/279 Hardiness: An Operationalization of Existential Courage (Maddi, Journal of Humanistic Psychology, Vol. 44, No. 3, 279-298 (2004)) This indicates that the self-centeredness advocated above is actually detrimental to the growth of cryonics, since: "Hardiness has been shown in research to ... increase perceptions and actions consistent with choosing the future." Yet another indication that amateur social science is hazardous to the future of cryonics. dss David Stodolsky Skype: davidstodolsky Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=32114