X-Message-Number: 32734 Date: Tue, 27 Jul 2010 16:41:46 +0000 (UTC) From: Melody Maxim <> Subject: More Misleading Information from Harris From Darryl Metz' Cryonet post, # 32726: >>I read some posts from earlier this month in which it was said that teams exist in hospitals that can attach patients in cardiac arrest to portable perfusion machines. It was suggested that these teams could be used in cryonics. That left me wondering why such teams aren't used routinely in hospitals. Why on TV shows do we see doctors doing futile CPR and then calling "time of death" rather than attaching patients to perfusion machines while their hearts are stopped to buy more time? Darryl<< I saw the above question, just before I went out of town, for five days. I intended to post a simple response to the question when I returned, but now I see, in doing so, I'll have to address Steve Harris' response, (Cryonet message #32730), which I find to be mostly irrelevant to the practice of cryonics. Harris, quite obviously, made the mistake of confusing something I described, with ECMO/ECLS procedures, so most of the research he invested in responding to me, (through Darryl's question), was a total waste of time, and probably only resulted in a great deal of confusion, for the readers of Cryonet. Though I suppose the term "ECLS" could, technically, be applied to the procedure I described, professionals actually familiar with what I was describing are unlikely to apply that label. We didn't do the long-term ECMO/ECLS procedures Harris discussed at length, at the two hospitals where I worked, but like ALL hospitals performing open-heart surgery, we were capable of providing the procedure I described (cardiopulmonary support (CPS), using a perfusion pump on a cart), in the hopes of getting a patient to the operating room and expeditiously resolving the underlying problem. The term "ECLS" (extracorporeal life support), is most often used interchangeably with the term "ECMO" (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation), to refer to very specialized, prolonged perfusion procedures, usually applied for specific cases of respiratory distress. Again, this is not the procedure I described, and has little to do with cryonics. In my previous post, I was simply pointing out that Harris was mistaken, when he offered up that femoral cannulations are performed under ideal conditions, in conventional medicine, when the truth is they are frequently performed on an emergency basis and on patients with little-to-no blood pressure. (My previous exchange with Harris can be seen, here: http://cryonet.org/cgi-bin/dsp.cgi?msg=32689) Harris writes: >>"The short answer (to Darryl's question), is because hardly any hospitals have such teams."<< That would be true, IF we were discussing ECMO/ECLS, but we weren't. We were discussing a form of CPS, meant to be applied for a short period of time, so Harris' "short answer" is misguided, at the very least. ANY hospital offering open-heart surgery has a team capable of delivering the level of CPS I described, and the last time I checked there were over a half-million open-heart surgeries being performed each year in the US, alone. I live within 20 miles of at least three hospitals, where open-heart surgery is performed, and most people reading this post probably live within a short driving distance of such a hospital. The REAL answer to Darryl's question is complex, and involves many factors related to conventional medicine, but unrelated to cryonics. In conventional medicine, many criteria must be met, in selecting patients for the kind of support I described. For example, the procedure can't be applied to anyone who is bleeding, because it requires a full dose of heparin. Heparin prevents blood from clotting, so administering the dose of heparin required for the procedure to a bleeding patient would only help them bleed to death faster. This means many trauma patients are automatically ineligible. The main requirements for the kind of support I described is that all other (more conventional, less costly), efforts must have been exhausted, and the care providers must believe the patient's problem is something they can resolve rather quickly, (such as with a surgical procedure). If a patient is put on this type of support, and then the care providers realize they cannot resolve the underlying problem, and cannot wean the patient from the machine, the hospital ends up with a very hopeless, and costly, situation. I've been involved in situations like this and, on more than one occasion, we ended up depleting the entire community's blood product supply and running up massive bills for the families of people who died anyway, in spite of our best efforts to save them. The two community hospitals had to cancel most of their scheduled (non-emergency) surgeries, in efforts to conserve whatever blood products they had left, for unexpected emergencies, and they probably had to absorb much of the cost of the procedures. (Again, none of this has anything to do with cryonics, it is in response to Darryl's question related to conventional medicine.) Harris: >>"Despite the suggestion on this list that SOME do (have teams capable of placing patients on portable perfusion systems), based apparently on the fact that very occasionally, cardiologists who have some arrest in the cath lab can get a perfusionist and open-heart surgical team assembled in time to save somebody."<< It wasn't a suggestion, it was a fact. Again, all hospitals offering open-heart surgery have teams capable of performing the CPS procedure I described. The procedure does not require use of the cath lab, and is not limited to persons who arrest in the cath lab. I've participated in these procedures, in patients' hospital rooms, with only a surgeon and a perfusionist, and with a floor nurse, or two, assisting. This procedure only requires equipment that is readily available at every hospital offering open-heart surgery. Harris (to Darryl): >>"So, you're right-- it's very experimental and not standard of care."<< Neither the CPS procedure I described, or ECMO/ECLS, are "experimental." These procedures have been around, (and used somewhat successfully), for decades. (Yes, they have a very high mortality rate, because the recipients of these procedures are usually in very critical condition, to begin with.) Harris: >>"The hospital thinking about it must have shifts of perfusionists, cardiologists, and surgeons sitting around inside the hospital (or very near), waiting to run a portable bypass machine to the arrested patient bedside, for emergency "extracorporeal life support (ECLS)."<< Though I worked at two hospitals capable of providing the CPS procedure I described, neither one of them had "shifts of perfusionists, cardiologists, and surgeons sitting around inside the hospital...waiting to run a portable bypass machine..." Yes, we did have to live within "call distance" of the hospital (for ALL our duties, mostly related to heart surgery, not that specific procedure), and the hospital staff was there to support patients with other methods, if possible, until we got there. The fact that these procedures are not frequently carried out is mostly due to the selection criteria, and has nothing to do with Harris' imagined lack of ability to carry out the procedures at hospitals where open-heart surgery is offered. Again, this procedure can be carried out at ANY hospital that provides open-heart procedures, something that really isn't that rare, these days. Most of Harris' post was simple distraction, and didn't apply to the discussions at hand, (those regarding cryonics procedures). None of the information he posted negates the fact that there are thousands of people capable of skillfully performing femoral cannulations and perfusion, or that Alcor and SA can afford such personnel. Other than vascular cannulations and the use of perfusion equipment, the procedures Harris described have nothing to do with cryonics. In addition, Harris contradicts his previous (illogical) stance that perfusion procedures performed in cryonics are more complicated than those performed in conventional medicine. (I write "illogical," because Harris tends to be inclined to argue that cryonics procedures are more difficult than virtually-identical conventional medical procedures, all the while supporting cryonics procedures being performed by laymen.) Harris: >>"Cryonics can't just be done in STEMI centers."<< No one has said it should be. All I've suggested is that the millions of dollars being spent in cryonics, each year, should be used to provide persons competent in performing femoral cannulations and perfusion. Harris: >>"Tell us where it's being done. Tell us how many patients they've done. Give your references. I can't prove a negative, but people claiming the present workability of general ECLS for a whole prospective population, have the responsibility of giving your numbers."<< Harris asking for numbers related to very specific perfusion (ECMO) procedures is truly bizarre, and holds absolutely no relevance to cryonics. I was not discussing "the workability of general ECLS for a whole prospective population," I was pointing out, (yet again), that there is a very large number of people skilled in performing vascular cannulations and perfusion. Let's apply Harris' questions to vascular cannulations and perfusion, which is what we should be discussing, since those are the procedures needed to deliver cryonics washout and vitrification solutions. "Where is it (vascular cannulations and perfusion) done?" Just about on every street corner, in an urban setting, (any hospital offering open-heart procedures)!!! "How many patients have they done, (how many patients have been the recipients of successful vascular cannulations and perfusion procedures)?" MILLIONS!!! Hundreds of thousands, each year! The bottom line is, delivering cryonics washout and vitrification solutions REQUIRES personnel capable of competently performing vascular cannulations and perfusion. Hundreds of thousands of vascular cannulations and perfusion procedures are routinely, and successfully, carried out, each year, for a variety of purposes, proving there are plenty of people capable of competently performing these procedures. Millions of dollars are being poured into cryonics organizations, each year, yet well-funded organizations, such as Alcor and Suspended Animation, persist in using mostly laymen, in attempts to perform these procedures. THE REAL POINT IS: Given that perfusing patients with cryonics solutions is the SOLE PURPOSE of cryonics standby and surgical teams, at Alcor and Suspended Animation, (ALL the patients are automatically "selected" for these procedures, with the exception of the "straight freeze" patients), shouldn't these organizations have personnel capable of competently performing vascular cannulations and perfusion? If Alcor and/or SA are not going to provide competent personnel, for the procedures they market, they should offer up detailed descriptions of their true capabilities, and adjust their prices, accordingly. For them to charge $60K - $150K for people who are not capable of competently performing these procedures is obscene. If all they can promise to deliver, (in the way of standby/stabilization teams), is a group of laymen capable of packing people in ice, injecting meds into existing IV's and applying chest compressions, then they need to make that abundantly clear in marketing their services. Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=32734