X-Message-Number: 4553 Date: 26 Jun 95 01:24:46 EDT From: "Clifton G. Clue Jr" <> Subject: Re: Dogs and Humans Thomas Donaldson writes: >As I understand it, the way humans can run down other animals is simple, but >requires cooperation. That is, they work in shifts. And even if the >individual human is not able to do as well as an individual dog, a group >can quickly overwork almost any animal. As Jim Davidson's excellent post on the same subject points out, DOGS DO THE SAME THING. Dogs and people were made for each other! (BTW Jim, what is your background? You obviously know a lot about evolutionary biology). It is interesting to note that lifespan is tightly correlated with survival time (i.e., how long the animal will survive in its natural environment before accident, marco- or micro- predation kills it). Mice live very short times. Shrews in areas with predators of small animals live even shorter lives, whereas shrews in areas with NO predators live MUCH longer. Dogs (wolves) live a pretty long time, as do lions and other high-up-on-the-food-chain creatures like people. People of course, have big brains which they use to lord over everyone else with. BUT, I would point out that big complex brains, despite our pride in them, alas are still not the winners in the animal (as opposed to plant) survival sweepstakes. Birds have VERY thin skulls and rather small brains, they have metabolic rates which are FAR higher than humans (and speaking of enduance, geese in migratory flight have been instrumented and they make the enduance of ANY mammal I know of look pathetic by comparison). They also live inordinately long periods of time, particularly when you consider their BMR. I keep finches: they live about 8-10 years. They run a core temperature that would fry me in a minute and they are extremely active. Even a plain old budgee (parakeet for us Yanks) can live 15 to 20 years! Mice live about 2 years and have roughly the same biomass (I'm guessing) and a LOWER BMR. Think about the repair capabilities evolution invested in budgees! Birds however, are not very bright on average (although there are African Gray Parrots who can speak with vocabularies in the hundreds of words, speak appropriately (i.e., intelligently), and even do simple arithmetic and sort like objects (such as by color, shape etc.). Some have scored above 80 on the Standford-Binet IQ test (100 is the human average, Koko the gorilla scored about 80). Always keep this in mind: fully half the human population has an IQ BELOW that of 100, and the curve is *bell shaped*. The take home message here is that there are apparently a lot of birds and gorillas that are as smart or smarter than fully half of 2.5 billion humans in the world. (also keep in mind that fully 3/4ths of the other half of humans, i.e., those with IQs above 100, are assholes, which cancels out any advantages their big brains give them). Why are birds, despite their small brains, high BMRs and "fragility" so well invested with long lives? Some speculate that the average lifespan for the large avian raptors like the American Bald Eagle is in the 120 year range? Why? Because so far, anyway, wings have proved better than brains. I have always loved birds, even as a child, long before I knew anything about evolution, biology, or lifespan. And I had birds most of my childhood (chickens, pigeons, starlings, canaries and budgees). Now that I am an adult and have only an indulgent lover to deal with, rather than a stern mother (the latter of whom loathes birds and reptiles) I am able to indulge myself. I have ducks, chickens, peafowl (my peacock is a spectacle of color and cacophony of noise right now), pheasants, a pigeon (rescued from a cat's jaws when it barely had pin feathers), and two recently acquired, and very formidable African Grey Geese. It is sometimes shocking to me to realize that some of these animals may well outlive me. Indeed, a neighbor's Mynah bird which we "babysat" when I was a child (while its middle aged owners took a vacation) has long outlived its owners. We are told by their grandchildren that every once in a while still calls out Michaaaaeeeelll! in a perfect imitation of my mother calling me home to dinner! The bird is over 30 years old! My geese are surprisingly smart and tough. And when a bird ages, it does so with great grace: they do not grow old and wrinkled like humans do or get gnarled joints (domestic turkeys being an exception: they have been bred only for fast weight gain and they age and die quite rapidly and frequently develop arthritis and feather "alopecia" near the end of their lives) but rather, shortly before they die, "go light"; simply loose body mass and die, often without obvious pathology. (Of course pneumonia and infectious disease, as well increased susceptibility to predation with aging certainly cause most wild birds to die long before this happens). My animals have taught me a great deal: Dogs look up to men. Cats look down on men. Pigs (of which I have one) consider men their equals. And birds, birds are above them all. Masters of longevity. Wings are still better than brains. But then, the story is not over yet...the "contest" not yet finished.... Mike Darwin PS: See what being confined to walker and armchair will do to me!: you have to suffer my philosophical musings *and* my irritable rants. MD Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=4553