X-Message-Number: 603 From: Subject: Grist for the mill Date: Sun, 12 Jan 92 11:04:22 PST A HOOK by Arel Lucas (draft for comment) "My mother hung me on a hook once! O . . . !" Johnny Dangerously There's a running gag in the movie *Johnny Dangerously*. The villain, one of Johnny's henchmen inherited from a previous gang leader, keeps being bested by the hero, and threatening by formula, "[Someone did that to me] once! Once!" The last word is shortened letter by letter at each defeat until, after he has been hung on a coat hook on the back of a door, the door is flung open and spoils his threat, index finger still upraised. The running set of arguments on identity and the question of survival of that identity through biostasis, appearing in the pages of the *Venturist*, *Immortalist*, *Cryonics* and *Extropy*, reminded me of that gag. I guess I'm going to have to attempt to step into this river of controversy once (Once!) as much as I've been avoiding doing so. Identity. Since I read the first couple, I've only skimmed the first few sentences of articles on this subject before putting the whole issue aside. I've disagreed, but haven't wanted to take the time or energy away from job, family and other projects to state my views. Finally, having run into somebody who was enough put off by the cluster of viewpoints represented in these pages on this subject that he was deterred from signing up for cryonics, I find myself pushed off the bank and into the river. Ugh, the water's cold and muddy! Well, here goes. My remark to my friend was that evidently nobody who has written on the subject of identity in these publications has ever been a Buddhist. I have, and a taste of that "religion" (more like a psychology) helped consolidate my views on identity. All the viewpoints here seem to assume an ongoing "I" like a soul, an unchanging identity which, if changed beyond some possibly arguable point, is no longer itself. My life experience does not support that belief, nor does my reading of Buddhist psychology. To me the Diamond Sutra supports a poem I once wrote in which I peel an onion, at first frightened that there would be Something at the center of it. I peel off layer after layer, at last coming to a void, a space, a Nothing in the center of the onion--with great relief. If identity were destiny, as the writers all seem to say, then I would be very depressed. In my life I've tried out possibilities, pushed what seemed to be my limits, blanked thought, opinion, and prejudice and just Experienced, then looked at the repercussions of that. Bertolt Brecht directed his own plays with each actor taking the part of every other actor, in turn; each had to experience each other's viewpoint, hopefully creating compassion, sympathy, understanding, a moving, changing identity. "I" am a convenient hook for a cloud of possibilities, probabilities, experiences, memories and habits. "I" access memory banks on which "I" usually base my actions--but from which, IF "I" do not feel my "self" and my memory banks to be one entity or to be ineluctably attached, I can dissociate myself long enough to act without prejudice, to experience without past. Not that I wish to lose my past, or refrain from carrying the probability cloud I call "myself" forward into the future. There have been times in the past when suicide has seemed a real choice, something to be considered. Usually I can't get beyond the silliness of it, but what has stopped me at other times has been the fact that I did not feel that "I" should cut short the possibilities represented by my life. I am irritated by the popular view that "You can do anything," since it doesn't recognize limitations, but nevertheless I find myself constantly surprised by what I actually do (which I take to be existentialism sans all that silliness about murdering somebody to prove how existential one is- -existentialism as pure selfishness where no self exists [!] and without the compassion to make life worthwhile). Of all the attributes of the hook that ordinarily holds identity together with behavior, habit is both the most fruitful and the most dangerous, representing programming of the brain (the integrator, home and Ozian Wizard of identity). Fruitful because it allows the conscious "Self" to focus on priority issues (being equally conscious of all actions at all times leads to "The caterpillar lay distracted in the ditch/Considering how to walk"); dangerous because it can be extremely hard to become aware of, much less consciously change habits. The neocortex mediates experience through the limbic system (this mediation is massively interrupted by a frontal lobotomy, hence the weird, seemingly emotionless behavior of lobotomized people). Such mediation is purely habit, since the limbic system is too old (evolutionarily speaking) to be "conscious" (a term for a system which has redundant modules which can be used to monitor "itself"). The programming of these habits begins in infancy (see the work of Lorenz and Leary), and continues through puberty. Hormonal pathways, which of course influence this programming, start to be blazed even earlier, in the womb, either by genetic factors or by the mother's chemistry, or by interactions of genetic factors and environment. Our rather primitive psychology has found some occasionally quite effective ways of allowing habitual pathways to spring to conscious awareness by teaching and/or using observation (based on or consisting of Buddhist and Hindu meditative techniques), "acting out" (Gestalt therapy), or evocation (transactional therapies). Since we are only beginning to understand the workings of the brain (Minsky, Axelrod, Gazzaniga, Hofstadter, E. O. Wilson, Nisbett and Ross, et al.), it would be extremely premature to say that we should release all our violent criminals on the basis that they can become someone different from the murderers, muggers and assaultive personalities who committed the crimes of which they were convicted. This is not only because we do not understand the pathways of emotion and action to which people become attached, but also because we do not yet have reliable ways of changing those pathways, of reprogramming the brain without brainwashing. Brainwashing works (see Leary and R. A. Wilson), but tends to lose most of the old pathways in a torrent of new programming, an emotional "swept-away" experience which includes religious conversion, politicization, childbirth, the impact of engrossing technology (computers, Nintendo, automobiles, music), and falling in love. It's too overwhelming to be precise, a risky business not to be undertaken lightly (although such experiences are not usually planned nor understood, happening haphazardly and therefore dangerously, like LSD in the punch bowl). The old pathways are recoverable, and may reassert themselves effortlessly, depending on their compatibility with the censorship memes of the new scheme (for memes/schemes, see work of Dawkins, Hofstadter and Henson/Lucas as well as *Journal of Ideas*). It seems to me that given an understanding of the makeup of the brain (as a modular network using massive parallelism, limited mostly by its memory processing and its paucity of buffers), it will be possible in the future to actually rehabilitate not only convicted criminals--but also the rest of us. If we can understand how experience is mediated, how memory/habit/sensation/emotion intersect to produce behavior, and how the traffic through that intersection can be tweaked to produce more adaptive behavior, then behavior becomes truly changeable, lives fully salvageable. The only problem remaining then is consent. Now if identity is destiny, if one is linked irretrievably to one's personality (as presently configured) throughout one's existence, here and hereafter, rehabilitation cannot happen. One can behave differently, but not *be* different--without compromising identity. On the other hand, if identity consists of a cloud of possibilities, a discrete but modifiable set of modular networks housed by brain tissue, linked by electrochemical pathways (grown and developed through frequency and intensity of use) to experience-storage areas and an ancient chemical warehouse of emotion, could not each member of that cloud be evoked like a portion of a pathologic multiple personality, and *asked* if a module should be changed, a pathway erased or replaced? It appears that the speech module of the brain and its output buffer can be accessed by any portion of the personality cloud, and ample literature exists to indicate that meetings have been held in psychiatrists' offices of a large number of people who inhabit a single brain. I do not believe that identity is destiny any more than biology is destiny. The possibilities inherent in my brain are not limitless, but they do exceed my ability to manifest them during a 20th-century lifetime. For this reason, and because I wish to preserve my memory banks--even if not for "my" own use--I have chosen to sign up for biostasis. This skims the deeply complex meaning of my common statement that I have signed up because I don't want my daughter to believe that I committed suicide (by refusing to take advantage of biostasis technology). So there you have it, a wet and muddy commentary in a very personal vein by someone claiming not to have an identity. The Zen Buddhists are right: you can't even step in the same river *once*! Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=603