X-Message-Number: 6567 From: Date: Sat, 20 Jul 1996 15:31:50 -0400 Subject: SCI. CRYONICS more prometheus questions 1. Although again I feel compelled to weigh in with some possible Prometheus problems, let me soften that a bit by saying, first, that I think Paul Wakfer is trying hard to be fair and honest, only asking now for TENTATIVE pledges, to become firm only on signing a contract, AFTER the pledger approves all aspects of the plan (a year and a half away). In addition, he has had the grace to retract after some inappropriate remarks in the heat of the moment. And he has ackowledged that some of my previously expressed doubts were valid. 2. However, the thrust and import of his continued exhortations for support are really not fair--the implication that those who withhold support for Prometheus are not serious about saving/extending their lives. This is akin to a Democrat or Republican saying the other is treasonous because he has a different opinion. The evidence is NOT as clear-cut as Paul claims. 3. For one thing, he is banking on developing proof of reversible brain cryopreservation. But just HOW could the experimenter prove this? Are we talking about an isolated brain, human or mammalian? Pavel Pakhotin in Russia can keep the isolated brains of hibernating mammals alive (apparently) on life support for up to three days.But how do you prove an isolated brain is "alive" in the full sense? EEGs will be necessary but not sufficient. Dog heads many years ago were kept alive for a while by grafting them to living dogs. But a project using the latter technique would be very formidable indeed, involving much more than just BRAIN viability. I pass over the questions--very serious for some people--of the ethics or humaneness of this kind of work. An isolated brain might be in agony, for all we know. Of course the experiment could just use microscopy and various metabolic tests to show at least that all of the normal anatomy and physiology actually examined is still present, and that would certainly impress me--but it would not necessarily create any great impression on the lay OR scientific public, nor create any huge surge in cryonics signups. In other words the end result--EVEN IF SUCCESSFUL--might not have the hallelujah quality that Paul seems to envisage. 4. Let's turn now to Brian Wowk's post #6560 concerning possible royalty arrangements. Brian suggests a maximum royalty of $50,000 per suspension, and says this would push the cost of neuropreservation above $100,000 (assuming an average investment of $50,000 over ten years, assuming no one buys the rights but the investors themselves, and assuming a return of the principal with no interest or profit). Actually--if we leave out of account any possible economies of scale--a $50,000 royalty would probably push the total for a neuro suspension FAR above $100,000, since the new procedure itself is almost sure to be more expensive than present procedures, and the organizations that offer neuro now charge over $50,000, I believe. Further, the Prometheus company being for profit, the royalty would seemingly be pegged high enough to allow a decent return on the investment. A 10% annual return (very low for venture capital) would require a royalty (in a lump sum after ten years) of almost $130,000, if I have calculated correctly--BEFORE adjusting for inflation. This seems like a non-starter. Paul says, correctly, that IF you believe your investment will save your life, and IF you can afford the investment and the suspension, then business considerations do not matter much. Nevertheless, the profit angle seems to be inextricably interwoven, and reconciliation is not easy. Of course, if there were indeed a huge spurt in cryonics, that might take care of everything, allowing a decent profit for the investors and reasonable costs to the prospective patients. Maybe General Electric will buy out Prometheus at an enormous profit to the shareholders. But all this is uncertain. 5. Suppose the work is successful. Protecting or enforcing patent rights, or benefiting from them, might not be easy. If someone could not afford a huge royalty like $50,000, or $130,000, on top of big suspension costs, but thought his life was at stake, I'm sure in some cases he might just decide to cheat a little. Also, others will immediately experiment to find improvements. Some will find improvements, and patent them. Then the original patent holders will have to negotiate with the holders of the improvement patents. For that matter, entirely different routes to perfected cryopreservation might be found--and might even be found sooner and more cheaply. Certainly none of this is necessarily a show-stopper. One does not abandon a promising avenue just because problems MIGHT arise. One does, however, try to anticipate problems and head them off or form contingency plans. Robert Ettinger Cryonics Institute Immortalist Society Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=6567