X-Message-Number: 6634
Date: Mon, 29 Jul 1996 02:56:01 -0400 (EDT)
From: Brad <>
Subject: CryoNet #6626 - #6630

>Date: Sun Jul 28 01:51:22 PDT 1996
>Subject: CryoNet #6626 - #6630
>From: CryoNet <>
>To: 
>Sender: 
>Reply-To: 
>
>CryoNet - Sun 28 Jul 1996
>
>    #6626: cryostat variants [Doug Skrecky]
>    #6627: Re: An Idea for cryogenics. [Brian Wowk]
>    #6628: Australia law [David Brandt-Erichsen]
>    #6629: re MelodieT [Mike Perry]
>    #6630: Reply to Mark Mugler [Brian Wowk]
>
>----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>Message #6626
>Date: Sat, 27 Jul 1996 06:31:34 -0700 (PDT)
>From: Doug Skrecky <>
>Subject: cryostat variants
>
> In Message #6604  (Thomas Donaldson) wrote: 
> >preserve a head for centuries so long as we keep it at -150 deg C ... 
> What we will need is some engineering work to find out a better form of
> STORAGE, too. I would say that this issue is really crucial to the cost
> of vitrified storage; not only that, but some kind of passive system,
> which maintains the right temperature WITHOUT continual power input,
> very likely WOULD be patentable.<
>
> Water/ice will stay near 0 C till all the ice is melted. Perhaps a
> liquid which freezes at around -150 would fit the bill. Freon 12 for
> example freezes at -158, yet boils only at -29. For a cryostat
> containing a mixture of solid/liquid freon 12 the temperature of -158
> would effectively preclude expensive boiloff. Liquid freon could be
> drained periodically from the cryostat, refrozen and then added back
> inside. 
>
> Another possibility would be to use sorbitol or some other "solid" 
> cryoprotectant with a glass transition greater than -78 so that then
> cold storage could use dry ice. 
>
>----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>Message #6627
>From:  (Brian Wowk)
>Newsgroups: sci.cryonics
>Subject: Re: An Idea for cryogenics.
>Date: 27 Jul 96 02:30:42 GMT
>Message-ID: <>
>References: <4t80kr$>
>
>In <4t80kr$>  (Grommit) writes:
>
>>From what I do know about cryogenics, what kill's the person is the ice 
>>crystals bursting cells(correct?). At higher pressures(humans can stand
pretty 
>>high pressures if they are pressurized slowly, rigth?) ice crystals don't
form 
>>until a lower temperature. So why don't they pressurize the subject to be 
>>frozen and then lower them to a temperature low enough to preserve them but
>>form ice.
>
>	Very perceptive.  This suggestion is made by newcomers only about
>once a year, or so-- not quite frequent enough to justify including in
>the cryonics FAQ.  
>
>	The short answer is that the pressures required are prohibitive
>from an engineering standpoint, and fatal from a biological standpoint
>(killing by protein denaturation instead of freezing).  Current
>approaches such as vitrification seek to avoid ice formation chemically 
>instead of barometrically.
>
>  ***************************************************************************
>  Brian Wowk          CryoCare Foundation               1-800-TOP-CARE
>  President           Human Cryopreservation Services   
>     http://www.cryocare.org/cryocare/
>  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>Message #6628
>Date: Sat, 27 Jul 1996 13:01:47 -0700
>From: David Brandt-Erichsen <>
>Subject: Australia law
>
>The following news story on the Northern Territory court ruling was carried
>by Reuters (July 24). It contains a few more details than the Associated
>Press report posted earlier.
>
>----------
>
>CANBERRA, Australia.  An Australian provincial court Wednesday upheld the
>world's first voluntary euthanasia laws, but the emotional battle over
>assisted suicide is now set to go to the country's highest court.
>Pro-euthanasia doctor Philip Nitschke, dubbed "Dr. Death" by critics, told
>Reuters he hoped the decision would clear the way for terminally ill
>patients to end their life.
>
>"We have got to have a better chance today than we did yesterday," he said
>by telephone from Darwin, capital of the Northern Territory.
>
>The territory's Supreme Court ruled by two to one that the law was within
>the territory parliament's power, rejecting a challenge by a coalition of
>doctors, church and Aboriginal leaders.
>
>The coalition's spokesman, Dr. Chris Wake, told Reuters the group would now
>take its challenge to Australia's High Court and was confident of victory.
>"We have only run a quarter of our argument and we believe we can win in the
>High Court," he said by telephone.
>
>Nitschke, who has several patients waiting to die, said he would immediately
>renew his search for the two extra doctors needed to approve an assisted
>suicide application.
>
>"Whether it translates into signatures is the question."
>
>The law, allowing terminally ill people to die by lethal injection or pills,
>came into force July 1.  But it has not yet been used, with specialist
>doctors unwilling to approve applications in the face of the legal challenge
>and separate legislative threats in the territory and national parliaments.
>
>Doctors have been warned they could face murder charges if they help a
>patient die and the law is later overturned.
>
>"There must be some specialists out there who feel awfully bloody guilty,"
>Nitschke said. "We'll be asking them immediately where do they stand now?"
>
>One of Nitschke's patients, cancer-stricken 66-year-old taxi driver Max
>Bell, drove a battered taxi thousands of miles across harsh desert earlier
>this month in a bid to be the first to use the law. But he returned home two
>weeks ago after failing to find two specialists to support his bid.
>
>"He's a real casualty of those who waited to the last minute (to challenge
>the law)," Nitschke said.
>
>Wake said Wednesday's dissenting judgement in support of the challenge was
>encouraging for the High Court bid, due to begin within weeks. The coalition
>argues that the law breaches what it says is an underlying right to life in
>the national constitution.
>
>The law has been condemned by Australia's religious, community and political
>leaders, including Prime Minister John Howard, but is overwhelmingly popular
>in opinion polls.
>
>Howard, elected in March partly on a platform of conservative family values,
>has backed plans by a government politician to introduce his own bill in
>parliament for Canberra to override the territory's legislation.
>
>----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>Message #6629
>Date:  Sat, 27 Jul 96 12:59:41 
>From: Mike Perry <>
>Subject: re MelodieT
>
>MelodieT, #6620, writes:
>
>>Could someone recommend reading
>>material that would explain in detail cryonics?
>
>A good place to start, as Brian Wowk notes, is the Web and 
>specifically, CryoCare's Web site, which also has pointers 
>to other cryonics organizations. Alcor's Web site has useful 
>information too: http://www.alcor.org
>
>Three good references on cryonics are (1) *The Prospect of 
>Immortality* by Robert Ettinger (Doubleday, 1964, old but 
>still worth a read, and the book that largely started cryon-
>ics); *Engines of Creation* by Eric Drexler (Doubleday, 
>1986, all about nanotechnology but with a chapter on 
>cryonics); and *Cryonics, Reaching for Tomorrow*, Al-
>cor's reference work on cryonics. Two of these are now 
>available on the Web:
>
>
>*Engines of Creation*:
>
>http://reality.sgi.com/whitaker/EnginesOfCreation/
>
>
>*Cryonics, Reaching for Tomorrow*:
>
>http://www.alcor.org/library.html
>
>
>The other one, *The Prospect of Immortality*, is available 
>in many libraries and also can be purchased from Alcor, 
>along with other cryonics-related literature.
>
>>Also, does anyone know if any space agencies have done 
>>research on cryonics as a possible  answer to extended 
>>space travel?
>
>I think a lot of talk has been expended on this possibility, 
>but very little action. Basically, until reversible suspended 
>animation is demonstrated, it seems unlikely that govern-
>mental or other big budgets will be committed to its possi-
>ble use in space travel.
>
>>What is the present law regarding the use of cryonics 
>>while still alive? Has it been ever done? 
>
>Premortem suspensions would fall under "assisted suicide," 
>"euthanasia," or "aid-in-dying" as far as I am aware. (And 
>this will continue until someone is resuscitated from a 
>frozen state or evidence strong enough to convince bureau-
>crats emerges that resuscitation is possible.) Presently there 
>are attempts, in various jurisdictions around the world, to 
>provide for aid-in-dying. (And in some places, e.g. Hol-
>land, it is being practiced in technical violation of the law, 
>but the law is not enforced.) So far, no premortem suspen-
>sions as such have occurred, as far as I am aware, and 
>probably none will until laws allowing them are more 
>firmly in place.
>
>Brian Wowk, #6621, writes to MelodieT:
>
>>I'm very sorry to hear that you and your husband are
>>both ill.  If it's any consolation, cryonics in its current
>>state is still so crude and highly speculative that it's
>>probably just as well that your last resources are being
>>spent on medical care and comfort instead of cryonics.
>
>I certainly share the sympathies Brian expresses regarding 
>your and your husband's illness, Melodie, as I'm sure 
>others here do too. My feeling about cryonics is that, while 
>there are many uncertainties, it's worth a try, but so are 
>other forms of preservation, particularly if cryonic suspen-
>sion is not possible, e.g. for financial reasons or because of 
>an accident that destroys the body before it can be frozen.
>
>For myself, I have a cell sample stored at my cryonics 
>organization (Alcor) with the understanding that, if I can't 
>be suspended, I want DNA from this sample used, along 
>with other surviving information, to construct a functioning 
>duplicate of me, as far as possible. I want missing informa-
>tion to be "filled in" using educated guesswork, and not 
>just left missing. In this way, a complete individual should 
>result, not just a "tabula rasa" clone or someone suffering 
>severe amnesia. I feel that such a construction, done prop-
>erly, would be "me" and not just a similar but different 
>individual, for reasons involving many-worlds physics. (I'd 
>be happy to discuss this further, but will stop now in the 
>interest of brevity, except to note that I think cryonics is 
>better, other factors being equal, but the alternative is not 
>negligible.) The DNA option was not difficult or expensive 
>to arrange, and I recommend it as a backup to more usual 
>cryonics arrangements, or as a first choice if more expen-
>sive arrangements are not possible.
>
>I should say too, that there are other preservation possibili-
>ties, intermediate in expense between DNA-plus-record 
>storage and cryonic suspension. One is high-quality chemi-
>cal preservation. Of course, it is unknown at this point how 
>this would compare with cryonics--would memories in a 
>chemopreserved brain be inferable, for instance? (Would 
>they be inferable from a *frozen* brain? We still don't 
>know.) But there are techniques of chemical preservation 
>that are far better (for the brain especially, which is the 
>important organ to preserve) than what is used in conven-
>tional funerary embalming. Another possibility is chemo-
>preservation plus subfreezing, high-temperature storage, as 
>in permafrost, which should be cheaper, longterm, than 
>liquid nitrogen storage.
>
>Mostly, such possibilities have not had the attention that 
>has been given to cryonics, and that in turn is not as much 
>as we would like. This is a small movement and our re-
>sources are limited. But at least I think there are things 
>almost anyone could do, that would favor that person's 
>survival after death, in some reasonable sense. Some of my 
>opinions are controversial, even within cryonics--people 
>must judge for themselves.
>
>Mike Perry
>
>http://www.alcor.org
>
>----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>Message #6630
>From: Brian Wowk <>
>Date: Sat, 27 Jul 1996 23:57:47 -0500
>Subject: Reply to Mark Mugler
>
>	Yesterday on CryoNet, Mark Mugler asked some questions about
>suggestions I have made for making Prometheus contributions part
>of cryonics funding.  In response, I sent the post below to the
>Prometheus pledgors email list (including Paul Wakfer) for comments. 
> 
>	Paul was just on his way out the door to head back to
>California when he read my post and then phoned me about it.
>Paul asked me to pass along his regret that he could not respond
>personally today, but also said that he substantially agrees with 
>my thinking below.
> 
>*********************************************************************
>	
>	My suggestion is that both individuals and cryonics organizations
>be allowed to purchase Project shares, and then either hold them for
>potential appreciation, or redeem them to the Project corporation in
>exchange for products and services.
> 
>	If an individual wishes to contribute via a cryonics organization,
>my suggestion is that the cryonics organization should then hold the
>shares in their patient care fund (earmarked to the contributing individual 
>if possible).  BUT THE SHARES SHOULD ONLY BE CONSIDERED *EXCESS FUNDING*,
>of no particular monetary value, and not considered part of minimum funding 
>requirements.  
> 
>	This addresses Mark's concern about member funding not depending 
>on the speculative nature of these shares.  Once minimum funding 
>requirements in cryonics are met, all kinds of bizarre assets can be added 
>to cryonics arrangements (real estate, art collections, speculative biotech 
>shares, etc.)  Project shares would just be another asset of this class.
> 
>	Finally, my original suggestion was that Project shares should
>be redeemable for *greater than par value* (at least twice par value) 
>for corporation products/services.  Otherwise an investment disincentive 
>is created because non-investors would be able to buy more corporation
>products/services by simply putting their money in an interest-bearing
>account for 10 years.
> 
>---Brian Wowk
>				   
>Note: "Par value", for the purpose of this discussion, means the
>       original price that was paid for shares issued by the company.
>
>----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>End of CryoNet Digest
>*********************
>
>


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