X-Message-Number: 7252 From: Date: Tue, 3 Dec 1996 12:43:18 -0500 Subject: SCI. CRYONICS honesty, values Thomas Donaldson (Cryonet #7251) refers to my characterization of the scientific attitude or method as based on honesty and resourcefulness, and then says that (a) most people will ignore any discussion of scientifically-based value systems; (b) it is difficult to define "honesty;" and (c) our values control us, and we are likely to ignore contrary evidence. I agree with all that; but I do not agree with Thomas' implied conclusion, that the project (deriving a scientific value system) is more or less hopeless. First, just on the basis of the sweep of history--assuming continued civilization--it will inevitably become increasingly clear that EVERY aspect of life and thought is based on the laws of nature and existing conditions, and that this implies the possibility of understanding and (to some extent) even control. In VERY recent times only TINY numbers of scientists admitted that consciousness is appropriate and amenable to scientific investigation. Same is true of interventive gerontology. In cryonics, the numbers are still tiny, but the people on this list presumbly take it seriously. It should be seen as a mere truism that our values (needs and wants) arise from our biology, as modified by environment, habit, training, accident, etc.; and that our goals and strategies are therefore, in priniciple, capable of rational analysis and modification. The basic task of "philosophy" should be to inspire and help guide this program. Defining "honesty" is not terribly difficult--even though, admittedly, large numbers of people will resist the definition whenever it gores their own oxen. (Nothing new about that, and nothing especially relevant either.) So how do we define honesty? Dictionaries say an honest person is one who does not lie, cheat, or steal, and who displays fairness and sincerity. So how do we decide who is truthful, fair, and sincere? Obviously, no criterion is going to change the minds of those with fixed agendas or those who have too much to lose, psychologically, by abandoning positions. We have all encountered intelligent--even brilliant--people who use any sophistry, conscious or unconscious, to defend entrenched notions, however obviously wrong-headed. But that is NOT the same as saying that the project is hopeless, any more than other prospective advances were hopeless just because they were initially extremely unpopular. A starting point for assessment of "honesty" might be just to ask, "Do you (do I) admit the possibility of error?" Anyone who claims he CANNOT be wrong--about anything!--is not honest, or at least is not both honest and well informed, because there are too many instances of people being proven wrong even in the most deep-seated and most popular opinions. (There is even an extremely slim chance that I am dreaming all this, and arguing with figments of my subconscious; or that I am part of a super-computer simulation of the real world; or that the laws of physics change drastically from time to time, so inferences about the past and future are meaningless; etc. etc.) >From this starting point we immediately come to the next level, the requirement that opinion be based on probability theory applied to experience. Someone unwilling to take this step is again either not entirely honest or not very well informed, and certainly not resourceful. The salability of the project--while certainly very difficult--is perhaps not as difficult as Thomas makes out. It does, after all, offer rewards as well as the obvious possible psychological penalties. The main potential reward is just the chance to improve your future over-all satisfaction, by making better choices. But there can also be immediate psychological rewards. "The truth will make you free." While there may be comfort in submitting oneself to an ideology or dogma, there can also be a degree of satisfaction in honesty--in admitting the limits of our knowledge and facing the unknown like adults. We live in a big, dark, scary place, with largely unknown rules; but the best response for some of us is not to pull the covers over our heads and suck our thumbs, but admit the problems, face the facts, and try our best to learn and cope. I see the main psychological attributes of maturity as including ultimate reliance on oneself, on one's own judgment; acceptance of personal responsibility; and willingness, when necessary, to accept the lesser evil. Clearly, there are not many adults by these criteria, and cannot be in the near future; but we can hope and work for gradual improvement, in ourselves and others. Obviously the foregoing discussion was rambling and enormously abridged, but still possibly of some slight use. Obviously also there can be negative reflex responses; e.g. some will say that self-reliance = arrogance or vanity. But enough for now. Robert Ettinger Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=7252