X-Message-Number: 8132 Date: Thu, 24 Apr 1997 04:19:43 -0700 (PDT) From: Doug Skrecky <> Subject: CRYONICS 7'th update on fly longevity experiments This is the seventh update on my fly experiments. There no longer exist any bottles maintaining 100% survival. Neglecting the mortality which occured before the day 11 census, only the nicotinamide and basil bottles have avoided further attrition. The highest survival is now the nicotinamide bottle at 86%, followed by basil at 80% and sage at 75%. Second Run Survival Supplement DAY 11 DAY 21 DAY 31 Control 63% 63% 38% Nicotinamide 86 86 86 Coenzyme Q10 100 100 57 Nicotinamide/CoQ10 86 57 29 Acetylcarnitine 86 63 38 ALC/COQ10 100 86 43 Basil 80 80 80 Bromelain 78 67 56 Caraway 67 33 17 Chlorophyll 100 100 67 Cloves 83 86 57 Cumin 100 57 71 Curcumin 71 57 29 Dextromethorphan 83 83 67 Fenugreek 80 80 40 Ginger 67 17 0 Green Tea 100 83 67 Leucoanthocyanins 86 86 57 Mace 71 57 29 Nutmeg 71 57 57 Oregano 88 50 25 Rosemary 90 90 64 Sage 100 75 75 Thyme 100 88 25 The high recent attrition in the thyme bottle might not be due to either aging, disease or any deleterious effect of thyme. Unfortunately the fly food at the bottom of the thyme bottle has dried out a bit and pulled away from the bottle, leaving a narrow crack where all of the new fly corpses were found. When I start my third run I will be adding a bit more water to the fly food so as to prevent this. This "crack trapping" of flies might also account for the recent deaths in the rosemary bottle as well. I have started several new breeding bottles with added thyme to act as a bactericide. The old breeding bottles initially were plugged by cotton, before I replaced these with cardboard. It is possible that bacteria might have been admitted through the cotton. The new breeding bottles were prepared under reasonably clean conditions. All bottles I use are first heated in an oven to sterilize them and the tools used to prepare the fly food are all washed with alcohol beforehand. One of the dead flies in the day 21 census in the cumin bottle has done a lazarus and come back to life. I try to shake the bottles to see if any flies are playing possum, but this does not always work. One of the flies in the chlorophyll bottle has disappeared! There is so much chlorophyll in this bottle that the flyfood appears black rather than green and it is very hard to spot the little buggars. I tried my best but only 6 of the 7 flies originally in the bottle were visible. All the flies in the ginger bottle are now dead. I suspect they died of toxic effects associated with either a ginger overdose or perhaps due to aflatoxin contamination. I find it difficult to even speculate why the combination of nicotinamide and coenzyme Q10 resulted in a lower survival than either supplement taken individually. Perhaps the 7 flies in this bottle were just "unlucky". The fact I am using small numbers of flies means some bottles statistically are going to underperform for no reason at all. Only the law of large numbers can cure this problem, but if I use 100 flies to screen each supplement this experiment will grind to a halt. The nicotinamde bottle now maintains the highest survival with 6 alive and only 1 dead. Only time will tell whether either nicotinamide, basil or any other supplement will significantly outperform the controls in the long run. In any case before one can believe any good results, replications using larger numbers of flies will be necessary. In a philosophical moment I had been speculating why longevity experiments using flies have not been done testing the effect of thousands of supplements already. It is not like it is a lot of trouble. The local fly lab that I got my flies from probably has millions of flies in bottles. Every large university on this continent has a fly lab with similar capabilities. It would take only a trivial fraction of these resources to crack open the mechanisms of fly (if not human) aging by a brute force approach. Why hasn't it happened? Whatever the reason, I intend to continue plugging away until I have at least doubled fly life spans. If necessary I'll test hundreds of supplements myself to achieve this. Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=8132