X-Message-Number: 8414
From: Brian Wowk <>
Date: Tue, 22 Jul 1997 01:09:55 -0500 (CDT)
Subject: Reply to Tom Jonsson

	Your brain vitrification results with ethanol are interesting
because ethanol (like methanol and propanol) "does not favor
favor complete vitrification in binary systems with water." (in
the words of cryobiologist Pierre Boutron).  In addition to being
hydrophobic and membrane toxic, it also forms hydrates that interfere
with vitrification (J. Chem. Phys. 68, 5032-5041 (1978)).  Ethanol
is in many ways a poor cryoprotectant.
 
	This means that your results are encouraging.  If ethanol appears
to vitrify brains, then other penetrating agents that are known
to be better glass formers and less toxic should also be able to vitrify
brains with even greater preservation of function.  Two major research 
efforts (one at 21st Century Medicine and one at a university lab funded 
by the Prometheus Project) are now preparing to study brain vitrification.  
The experiments will be conducted under controlled conditions by
experienced cryobiologists so that results are publishable. 
 
	I'm sorry that more support has not appeared for your work.
This does not mean that no one here is interested in improved brain
preservation.  We are just immersed in our own exciting work. 
I look forward to meeting with you when you visit the U.S.

***************************************************************************
Brian Wowk          CryoCare Foundation               1-800-TOP-CARE
President           Human Cryopreservation Services   
   http://www.cryocare.org/cryocare/
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