X-Message-Number: 9280 From: Ettinger <> Date: Fri, 13 Mar 1998 21:35:44 EST Subject: More FTL & quanta Adding to my earlier post about non-locality and ftl signals: As I understand it, the Aspect experiment consisted of sending two newly created photons in different directions. Their (potential?) spins must be opposite, to conserve total spin. When they are widely separated, their spins are quickly measured, one after the other, and are indeed opposite. In the Copenhagen interpretation, neither photon could "have" a spin prior to measurement. Either photon, when observed, might have spin up or down--impossible to tell in advance. But in any case the second photon, when observed in its turn, will be found to have spin opposite to that observed for the first. This seems to suggest either that (a) a signal was sent from the first to the second, or (b) each "really" did have a definite (although unknown) spin before the observations. But (a) is supposedly ruled out by relativity--no signal faster than light--and (b) is ruled out by requirement of collapse of the wave function--an observation must be made before the spin acquires a definite value. Many-worlds supposedly offers another alternative. Deutsch and others believe many-worlds is philosophically superior to other schemes, and also is beginning to accumulate experimental evidence from quantum computation; and reluctance to accept it is the result of unflattering psychological conditions. Minority positions include that of the late David Bohm, who postulated something akin to the old "pilot wave" idea, and Bart Kosko, who says quantum theory has got to go because it is linear, and reality is not linear. Other interpretations of many-worlds include that of Barrow (a few years back, at any rate) who thought it implied that all LOGICALLY POSSIBLE events would occur in the multiverse. He specifically included a universe in which you (your counterpart) would never die. If he is right, and if a counterpart is "really" you, then you are ALREADY immortal, so quit worrying. And of course the late Gary Feinberg and others denied that special relativity rules out ftl signals--only ftl by "tardyons" or particles of ordinary matter; "tachyons" can have any velocities GREATER THAN that of light as well as other peculiar properties. A small problem is that so far no one has observed tachyons. Problems in textbooks of quantum theory involve isolated systems. Yet a supposedly fundamental tenet of some interpretations of quantum theory is that there are no isolated systems, and there is just one wave function for the whole universe. Wave functions "collapse" whenever an "observation" or "measurement" is made, yet all material objects are supposedly connected at all times, at minimum by gravitation, since everything material affects and is affected by the geometry of spacetime. Since (say) changes in position of all particles (and fields etc) are conveyed, at least at light speed, to all others, why are not all wave functions in a constant state of collapse? About practicality: If I could be convinced that many-worlds is real, and that survival of a counterpart would represent my survival, my behavior would change. Unlikely. Have I made mistakes in interpreting the interpreters? Anyone who is not thoroughly confused just doesn't understand the situation. Robert Ettinger Rate This Message: http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/rate.cgi?msg=9280