X-Message-Number: 9926
Date: Sun, 21 Jun 1998 10:53:07 -0700 (PDT)
From: Doug Skrecky <>
Subject: solvents and cancer  

Authors
  O'Dwyer PJ.  McCabe DP.  Sickle-Santanello BJ.  Woltering EA.  Clausen K. 
  Martin EW Jr.
Institution
  Department of Surgery, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus
  43210.
Title
  Use of polar solvents in chemoprevention of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced
  colon cancer.
Source
  Cancer.  62(5):944-8, 1988 Sep 1.
Abstract
  To examine the effect of the polar solvents on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine
  (DMH)-induced colon cancer, 100 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly
  allocated to a control and three treatment groups. Treated animals received
  N-methylformamide (NMF), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), or
  methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) added to drinking water 1 week
  before carcinogen injections commenced and for the duration of the
  experiment. Primary tumors were detected by serial laparotomy under ether
  anesthesia performed at 2-month intervals and commencing after carcinogen
  injections had been completed. The average time to tumor onset was
  significantly delayed in rats receiving NMF and MSM (P = 0.0141 and 0.0398
  respectively, Mantel-Haenszel test). In addition, fewer poorly differentiated
  tumors were noted in treatment groups. No weight loss or toxicity was
  observed. These findings demonstrate that the polar solvents significantly
  reduce the latent period to tumor onset in DMH-induced colon cancer and
  indicate the need to further investigate such compounds as chemopreventive
  agents.

Authors
  McCabe D.  O'Dwyer P.  Sickle-Santanello B.  Woltering E.  Abou-Issa H. 
  James A.
Title
  Polar solvents in the chemoprevention of dimethylbenzanthracene-induced rat
  mammary cancer.
Source
  Archives of Surgery.  121(12):1455-9, 1986 Dec.
Abstract
  Differentiating agents have been used experimentally and clinically as an
  adjuvant in the treatment of cancer, but their role in chemoprevention is
  limited. We used 5% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), 1% and 4%
  methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), 0.3% N-methylformamide (NMF),
  and retinol acetate (RA) in the chemoprevention of rat mammary breast cancer.
  One hundred fifty 42-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into six
  groups (control, RA, DMSO, 1% MSM, NMF, and 4% MSM) and received
  chemopreventive agents along with standard rat chow ad libitum. Eight days
  later, 15 mg of 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene was given by oral gastric
  intubation. The animals were examined weekly for tumor incidence and size
  (biplanar analysis). Animals were followed up for 240 to 300 days. Tumor
  incidence was not statistically affected. Time to appearance (latency period)
  of both tumors and cancers were prolonged by NMF, DMSO, and 4% MSM. Doubling
  times of all cancers produced were prolonged by DMSO and RA. No group
  exhibited toxic reactions or significant weight loss. Polar solvents and
  differentiating agents, specifically NMF, DMSO, and 4% MSM, were effective in
  the chemoprevention of dimethylbenzanthracene-induced mammary cancers.

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